The idea is to position a sluice box in a running stream so that the water does the work- separating the dirt and rocks away from the gold.
Nineteenth century gold miners used wooden sluices that were at least 12 feet long, but modern gold prospectors primarily use sluice boxes made of plastic or metal which are typically 24, 36 or 48 inches long and 6 to 10 inches wide. Riffles are purposeful obstructions which slow the movement of gold in the sluice so it can be trapped in miner's moss, carpeting, or rubber matting in the bottom of the sluice. Sluicing is a method of separating and recovering gold from the placer gravel by the use of running water.
Sluices are long, narrow "boxes" that water passes through when put in a creek or stream.
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